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Constructivism (architecture)
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Derzhprom
Derzhprom, the House of State Industry, is the first Soviet skyscraper. Built in the constructivist style between 1925 and 1928, it stands 13 storeys high as an enduring architectural monument on Maidan Svobody (Freedom Square) in central Kharkiv.
The Derzhprom itself is 63 meters high, and together with the television tower, built in 1954, it reaches 108 meters. The usable area of the building is 60,000 m², and the entire plot covers 10,760 m².
Derzhprom was the first building in the world to be built from monolithic reinforced concrete, using 1,315 wagonloads of cement, 9,000 tons of metal, 3,700 wagonloads of granite and 40,000 m² of glass. The building has 4,500 window openings and 17 hectares of exterior glazing. The skyscraper features 12 elevators, 7 of which have been in operation without replacement since it was opened in 1928.
The building was damaged during the Second World War. Before the German troops withdrew in August 1943, a series of bombing raids and arson attacks damaged the parquet floors and window frames and resulted in the doors being burnt down. The restoration of the tower block took until 1947 to complete. The Derzhprom is a candidate for the provisional list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
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Kharkiv Forest Park (Lisopark)
Kharkiv Forest Park is considered the largest of its kind in Ukraine and one of the country’s crown-ing jewels in terms of natural beauty. Old oaks, lindens, maples, spruces, and pines grow here.
In addition to the rich flora and fauna, the park offers numerous recreational facilities and a chil-dren's railroad, the Little Southern Railway, which was inaugurated in 1940.
There are also a number of monuments in the park. In 2000, a Ukrainian-Polish memorial was erected here to commemorate the victims of totalitarianism. The monument features columns with the names of Soviet citizens and Polish soldiers who were shot by the NKVD in the years 1938-1940 and interred in mass graves in the forest park. According to various sources, more than 10000 victims lie buried here. The memorial site Memorial'nyj kompleks Slavy (Memorial Complex of Glory) from 1977 is one of the key sites of remembrance of the Second World War in Kharkiv. This place is dedicated to the Soviet soldiers and civil-ians who died during the Second World War.