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Kharkiv Tractor Plant
The "Kharkiv Tractor Plant" (ChTS) is the largest tractor manufacturer in Ukraine. The first tractor rolled off the production line on October 1, 1931, which is why this day is considered the plant's birthday. As more and more specialists in various fields were needed to work in the huge and rapidly growing company, a new residential area was established in Kharkiv to house them. It was given the name ChTS after the plant. Over the years, the plant has produced more than 3 million tractors and other specialized heavy machines. For decades, the products manufactured by ChTS were sold on a large scale in the Soviet Union and in many countries in Europe, Asia and even Africa. Built in the late 1920s and early 1930s, the district of Novy Kharkiv, designed as a so-called Sozgorod, is situated around the Kharkiv tractor factory.
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Kharkiv–a Metropolis at War
The initiators of the interview project stayed in Kharkiv during the continuous attacks. Iryna Skyrda, a member of Young Kharkiv, talks about what was special about the city and how it changed as a result of the war.
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North Saltivka
North Saltivka, a district in the north-east of Kharkiv, is one of the newest parts of the city. Most of the urban structures and features we see today were built between 1987 and 1993. The district is characterized by 9, 12, or 16-storeyed prefabricated buildings, as well as several schools, kindergartens, and two polyclinics.
After February 24, 2022, North Saltivka was systematically bombed by Russia, resulting in catastrophic destruction. It is estimated that 70% of the buildings in the area were damaged or destroyed. Until February 24, 2022, almost 200,000 people lived in this area, today (as of July 2023) only about a thousand remain.
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Oral History Interviews in War-time
What does it mean to interview people when there is a war going on? Yevhenii Telukha describes the difficult circumstances under which the interviews were produced.
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Pechenihy Reservoir, Staryi Saltiv
The Pechenihy Reservoir and the adjoining village of Staryi Saltiv are located about 50 kilometers from Kharkiv and form one of its recreational areas. The Pechenihy Reservoir was created between 1958 and 1962 on the Siverkyi Donets River. It is the main source of water supply for Kharkiv and agriculture east of the city.
In the first weeks of the war, the Ukrainian armed forces blew up the bridge on the dam over the Siverkyi Donets in Staryi Saltiv to make it more difficult for the invading Russian forces to reach Kharkiv. On September 20, 2022, as a result of numerous attacks by the Russian military, the upper sluice of the Pechenihy Dam in the Kharkiv region and part of the bridge were destroyed, severing the connection between Kharkiv and the municipality of Vovchansk.
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Post-War Jewish Migration from the USSR and the refuseniki movement
The post-WW II Jewish migration from the Soviet Union (and also after its dissolution) is one of the largest in modern history. Altogether 2.75 million Soviet Jews left the USSR for Israel, the United States, Germany and elsewhere. The position of the Soviet state with respect to emigration was remarkably ambivalent: in some cases, it was allowed and even encouraged, in others, others; it was controlled and strongly limited. The Jewish emigration movement that arose in the late 1960s and continued throughout the 1970s-1980s became an example of resistance and activism within the authoritarian system, which increasingly alerted international attention. In one way or another, it affected the lives of hundreds of thousands of people and changed the appearance of many cities and towns within the Soviet Union and outside it.
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Return and Redemption
This text highlights the diverse landscape of Hasidism and contemporary Hasidic pilgrimage in Poland and Ukraine.
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Sarzhyn Yar
Sarzhyn Yar is a 12 km-long gorge to the north of Kharkiv, which is known for its mineral water spring. The most distinguishing landmark of Sarzhyn Yar is a futuristic concrete pavilion on three pillars, which was designed by the architect V. S. Vasiliev and built in the 1960s.
In 2018, the Sarzhyn Yar recreation area from the embankment to the mineral water spring was restored. Seven ponds were created on three different levels, and a children's playground, a sports field, a park landscape, and a new staircase to the "Botanical Garden" metro station were built. The canopy over the spring was also reconstructed and the pumping stations and fountains repaired.
On August 30, 2022, shells hit one of the buildings of Sarzhyn Yar, killing a woman who had come to the spring to fetch water.
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Editorial
Spaces - Borders - Projections
Since the beginning of Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine on February 24, 2022, questions around spaces and borders have increasingly appeared on the agenda of Eastern European studies. The contributions to the Copernico Portal’s newest area of focus demonstrate the important role played by space and border-related debates and the processes of appropriation and reinterpretation associated with them.
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Staesz Pfefferkuchen Spices!
The name alone is evocative of family traditions. It carries the promise of delicious cakes and biscuits, particularly in the run-up to Christmas.
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The History of the German-speaking Volhynians as Part of a Global Migration History
From the mid-nineteenth century onward, innovations such as steam navigation and the advent of the railroad led to a sharp increase in global migration movements. The German-speaking Volhynians were part of this development, which moved between the ideal-typical poles of voluntary and forced migration and was significantly influenced by the enforcement of the ethnonational principle. This article focuses on the emigration movements of this group from the Russian governorate of Volhynia in the period between the 1860s and the First World War. The subsequent forced migrations of the German-speaking Volhynians are also briefly discussed.
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Editorial
The Sounds of Bukovina
A region with many voices: The cultural diversity of Bukovina is particularly evident in its little-known music and singing culture – past and present. Twelve musical contributions provide an insight into the musical history of a multifaceted landscape on the northeastern edge of the Carpathians.
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The Uprooted Ones – Lemkos in Galicia and abroad
The small, private Museum of Lemko Culture in Zyndranowa is situated on the far periphery of southeastern Poland, yet it is a destination for many travelers, mainly from western and northern Poland, but also from other parts of the country and from abroad. For many, a visit here is connected with questions of identity and with the search for traces of family history. At the open-air museum, visitors can experience, among other things, the farm of the Gocz family and learn a great deal about the life of the villagers.
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The dacha-cooperative in Pawlowe-Pole
The dacha-cooperative in Pawlowe-Pole is located in the north-west of the city.
As a rule, a dacha is not used by its owners as a permanent residence and is part of a garden association. During the Soviet era, private individuals were allocated a 600 square-meter plot of land free of charge for the construction of a country cottage and the establishment of a garden, which they maintained.
On 25 March, 2022, the dachas of Pawlowe Pole and the nearby Ukrainian Orthodox church of the Kharkiv Diocese were severely damaged. A shell hit the church and destroyed almost all the stained-glass windows, the walls, and the cupola.
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V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
The V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University is one of the most important universities in Ukraine. It was founded in 1804/1805 on the initiative of the Enlightenment intellectual and statesman Vasily Karasin.
Until 1917, it was called the Imperial University of Kharkiv. During the Soviet era, was renamed several times: Free Academy of Theoretical Knowledge (1920-1921), Kharkiv Institute of National Education (1921-1932) and State University A. M. Gorky Kharkiv State University (1932-1990). Since 1999, the university has borne its current name.
In 2022, the university was significantly affected by the Russian invasion of Ukraine. On March 2, the building of the Faculty of Economics was destroyed by Russian shelling, followed by the sports complex on March 5, the building of the Faculty of Physics and Technology on March 11, and the building of the Institute of Public Administration on March 18. Since March 22, 2022, not a single university building has escaped damage.
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Velyka Danylivka
Velyka Danylivka is a suburb in the north-east of Kharkiv. Most of the houses here are detached, and there is a forest, a lake and several schools, which is why Velyka Danylivka is considered to be particularly family-friendly.
The history of the village dates back to the 17th century – at that time it was a hamlet (Ukr. Chutir), later it became a military base. The first church was built here in 1655, dedicated to St. George. In the second half of the 20th century, the village was incorporated into Kharkiv.