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Introduction
Jews in Poland in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times
The article offers an overview of Jewish history and the development of Jewish settlement in medieval and early modern Poland from the first recorded mentions of Jewish centers in the 11th century through to the end of the 18th century. As in the neighboring countries of Hungary and Bohemia, the Polish monarchs were also interested in Jewish settlement; the privilege of 1264 and its confirmations created the legal framework for this. Jews were involved in the economic and demographic development of Poland. The Jewish percentage of the urban population also grew, and their formative influence was particularly visible in the south-eastern provinces, which found expression in the concept of the Jewish "shtetl". In modern times, Poland-Lithuania also became a center of Jewish scholarship. The crises and wars in the mid-17th century brought an influx of messianic movements. In the 18th century, the impulses of the Jewish Enlightenment and the emancipation of the Jewish population were the subject of lengthy and lively discussion.
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Library | Archive
Martin Opitz Library
The Martin Opitz Library (MOB) is the central library for German culture and history in Eastern Europe. It collects literature from all areas of East-Central, Eastern and South-Eastern Europe. The main focus of the collections is on the regions that today form western Poland and the Kaliningrad...
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Interview (video)
Nicolaus Copernicus: The relationship between theology and science
Prof. Dr. Matthias Haudel is professor of systematic theology and has specialized in the relationship between theological perspectives and scientific findings, in particular with a comprehensive introductory book published in 2021. In this interview, he clarifies the widespread prejudices about the relationship between the Church and science during Copernicus’ time and continues along this vein to consider the possibilities of a dialogue that could arise today, e.g. between quantum physics and theology.
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Interview (video)
Nicolaus Copernicus: The state of source material and the history of research
Prof. Dr. Andreas Kühne was the co-editor of the 2019 edition of the Complete Works of Nicolaus Copernicus. In this interview, he describes what we can learn about Copernicus from the available sources and how the figure of Copernicus came to be politicized. He also describes how research into Copernicus could lead to new findings.
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Online library catalog
Object catalogs of the Museum for Russian-German Cultural History
The online catalogs of the Museum for Russian-German Cultural History allow for an overview of its collections.
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Online library catalog
Online Catalog of the Martin Opitz Library
The online catalog of the Martin Opitz Library is based on the software VuFind and allows you to search the library's entire book and journal holdings, a constantly growing sub-collection of the archive and numerous external datasets. If you would like to search this institution's extensive...
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Museum | Archive
Ostpreußisches Landesmuseum mit Deutschbaltischer Abteilung ("East Prussian State Museum with a Baltic German Department")
This museum, located right in the center of Lüneburg, is dedicated to the subject of East Prussia and the Baltic Germans. Here you will discover a fascinating region in East Central Europe, which, for 700 years, was shaped by the German language. Never before has a museum in Germany focused on the...
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Permanent exhibition of the Cultural Center East Prussia in Ellingen
Presenting more than 800 years of history, culture, and nature in a limited space is a challenge that the CULTURAL CENTER EAST PRUSSIA has masterfully risen to. The permanent exhibition, which covers a significant range of topics and showcases many unique artefacts, is one of the ways it has...
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Permanent exhibition of the East Prussian state museum
East Prussia: Formerly the easternmost German province, today it covers parts of Poland, Russia and Lithuania. With its family-friendly presentation style and high-quality, informative exhibits, the East Prussian state museum conveys as complete a picture as possible of the history, art, culture and...
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Pfefferkuchen ("Gingerbread")
Several thousand tons of gingerbread are exported every year. Reason enough to take a closer look at this sweet baked treat and its history. The touring exhibition of HAUS SCHLESIEN, which is available for loan, tells the story of the origins and development of gingerbread and is dedicated to the...
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Background article
Post-War Jewish Migration from the USSR and the refuseniki movement
The post-WW II Jewish migration from the Soviet Union (and also after its dissolution) is one of the largest in modern history. Altogether 2.75 million Soviet Jews left the USSR for Israel, the United States, Germany and elsewhere. The position of the Soviet state with respect to emigration was remarkably ambivalent: in some cases, it was allowed and even encouraged, in others, others; it was controlled and strongly limited. The Jewish emigration movement that arose in the late 1960s and continued throughout the 1970s-1980s became an example of resistance and activism within the authoritarian system, which increasingly alerted international attention. In one way or another, it affected the lives of hundreds of thousands of people and changed the appearance of many cities and towns within the Soviet Union and outside it.
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Online finding aid
Press clippings online
The online database "Press clippings online" enables the research of press clippings from the personal dossiers of the press clippings archive at the Herder Institute for East Central European History. The service is continually updated as further material is indexed and made available online. For...
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Recommended Reading: Die heutige Ukraine und ihre sowjetischen Wurzeln (Today's Ukraine and its Soviet Roots)
Since the beginning of the Russian invasion, Ukraine has been in the focus of world attention. Is now the hour for experts on Ukraine to be recognized and heard? The war has made many people aware of how little they actually know about this country and its history. To fill this knowledge gap or to...
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Russian-Germans
The virtual exhibition "Russian-Germans", which has been created at the Martin Opitz Library, focuses on Russian German literature. By focusing on the literary works of this heterogeneous group, the exhibition doesn't just talk about the Russian-Germans, but gives them a voice and listens carefully.
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Series
Studies on East Central Europe
The series “Studien zur Ostmitteleuropaforschung” (“Studies on East Central Europe”) presents monographs on historical research pertaining to East Central Europe.
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The Life of the Baltic Nobility - Manor Houses in Estonia and Latvia
Magnificent chandeliers, ornamental stuccoed ceilings, and salons filled with music – was aristocratic life in the Baltic really so splendid?
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Blog
The Sidonia File
She was executed as a witch – today she is an ambassador for the region's history. 400 years after the execution of Sidonia von Borcke, perhaps the most famous Pomeranian noblewoman, a German-Polish project dedicated to her story was launched.
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Online library catalog
Verbundkatalog Östliches Europa ("Union Catalogue Eastern Europe", VOE)
With more than 1,200,000 computerized titles from a network of over 30 libraries, collections and cultural and scientific institutions in Germany, Poland and the Czech Republic, the Verbundkatalog Östliches Europa ("Union Catalogue Eastern Europe", VOE) is a central instrument of the Martin Opitz...
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Didactic project
Volhynia. German and Czech Immigration and Minority Experiences
Germans turn forests into grain fields, schoolrooms and prayer rooms, but Czechs make them into hop gardens and taverns? What comes up when we compare Volhynia's two migrant groups and what can be learned from their past experiences, now and in the future?
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Reading series
Written and read
What connects contemporary German television actors with Czech literature? A lot!